Umatshini wokugquma sisixhobo esifaka iifilimu ezicekethekileyo zesinyithi kumphezulu we-substrate. Umgaqo wayo osisiseko wokusebenza wahlulwe ube ngamanyathelo amathathu: ukucoca, ukuvela komphunga, kunye nokubekwa.
1. Ukucoca
Ngaphambi kokubeka umphunga, igumbi lokufudumala kufuneka licocwe. Ngenxa yokuba kunokubakho i-oxides, igrisi, uthuli kunye nezinye izinto eziqhotyoshelwe kumphezulu wegumbi lokunyuka kwe-evaporation, ezi ziya kuchaphazela umgangatho wefilimu. Ukucoca ngokuqhelekileyo kusebenzisa iindlela zekhemikhali okanye zomzimba.
2. ukuba ngumphunga
Izinto ezifunwayo zifudunyezwa ngaphezu kwendawo yokunyibilika kwayo ukuze yenze iimolekyuli zegesi. Iimolekyuli zegesi emva koko zibalekela kwigumbi lokufunxa ukuya kwigumbi lomphunga. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba ngumphunga. Ubushushu, uxinzelelo kunye nesantya sokunyuka kwe-evaporation kuchaphazela ukubunjwa, isakhiwo kunye neempawu zefilimu.
3. Ukubekwa
Iamolekyu zegesi zezinto ezikwigumbi lokuphola zingena kwigumbi lokuphendula ngombhobho wevacuum, ziphendule ngezinto ezisebenzayo, emva koko zibeke imveliso kumphezulu we-substrate. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yintlenga. Iqondo lobushushu, uxinzelelo kunye nesantya sokubekwa nazo zichaphazela umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwefilimu.
2. Isicelo
Oomatshini bokugquma i-vacuum basetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwisayensi yezinto, i-optics, i-elektroniki kunye namanye amacandelo.
1. Inzululwazi yeZizinto
Oomatshini bokugquma be-vacuum banokulungiselela iifilimu ezincinci zetsimbi ezahlukeneyo, i-alloys, i-oxides, i-silicates kunye nezinye izinto, kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiingubo, iifilimu zamehlo, ukugcinwa kwamehlo, imiboniso, ii-transistors kunye nezinye iindawo.
2. Amehlo
Umatshini wokugubungela i-vacuum unokulungiselela iifilimu zetsimbi kunye ne-alloy kunye ne-reflection ephezulu kunye neefilimu ze-optical ezinemisebenzi ekhethekileyo. Ezi filimu zinokusetyenziswa kwiipaneli zelanga, i-electronic microscopes ephezulu, i-aerogels, i-UV / IR sensors, izihlungi ze-optical kunye nezinye iinkalo.
3. Umbane
Oomatshini bokugquma i-vacuum banokulungiselela izixhobo zombane ze-nanoscale kunye nezixhobo ze-microelectronic. Ezi filimu zinokusetyenziswa kwii-nanotransistors, iinkumbulo zamagnetic, izinzwa kunye nezinye iinkalo.
Ngamafutshane, umatshini wokugquma wevacuum awukwazi nje ukulungisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zefilimu, kodwa ulungiselele iifilimu ezincinci ezinemisebenzi ekhethekileyo njengoko kufuneka. Kwixesha elizayo, itekhnoloji yokucoca i-vacuum iya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwaye ikhuthazwe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-12-2024